Scientific prevention of side effects from exercise for weight loss: from monitoring sports injuries and supplementing nutrients to avoiding exercise-induced fatty liver.

Skin abrasions on the inner thighs are also common in patients with moderate to severe obesity. This is especially true during brisk walking and jogging, where repeated friction can easily cause abrasions. A survey report on sports injuries in a fully enclosed summer camp for weight loss found that during a four-week program primarily consisting of swimming, basketball, badminton, table tennis, aerobics, jogging, stationary cycling, and sports games, 22.3% of 112 obese children experienced skin abrasions, mainly those with severe obesity. The primary location was the inner thighs. A few cases of foot abrasions were caused by discomfort from new athletic shoes during the initial stages of the program. All skin abrasions occurred in the early stages of the weight loss program.

Nutrient Deficiency: Studies have confirmed that combining exercise with appropriate dietary control can achieve relatively ideal weight loss results. Reasonable dietary control is not simply about restricting calorie intake to achieve weight loss. Some obese patients diet excessively or even use starvation methods. This method of weight loss can cause significant harm to health: during starvation, body fluids and fat decrease, and the amount of non-fat tissue also decreases significantly, easily leading to serious damage to internal organs and muscle tissue. Excessive dieting can cause vitamin deficiencies, electrolyte imbalances, acidosis, orthostatic hypotension, as well as dehydration, hypoglycemia, and even menstrual disorders. Because simple dieting has a significant impact on the body's metabolism, weight quickly rebounds once dieting stops.

Prevention of exercise-induced fatty liver: Long-term elevated blood triglyceride levels are common, and liver cells have limited capacity to process triglycerides. Obese patients often also develop fatty liver. Prolonged aerobic exercise enhances the mobilization of triglycerides from fat stores, increasing blood triglyceride levels. As an energy source during exercise, a large amount of triglycerides is oxidized and broken down by skeletal muscle, achieving the goal of weight loss. However, if the degree of triglyceride mobilization is not balanced with the degree of triglyceride oxidation during exercise-meaning that the triglycerides mobilized from fat stores are not fully utilized by muscles-the remaining triglycerides can either re-enter fat stores or enter liver cells, thus exacerbating the fatty liver condition in obese patients.

Loose skin: While effective exercise leads to significant fat loss and a noticeable reduction in body circumference in obese patients, the skin's recovery often lags behind this fat reduction, resulting in loose skin. This is particularly common in the abdomen. Studies show that prolonged exercise without other interventions most significantly utilizes fat in the waist and abdomen. At this point, waist circumference decreases rapidly, while the skin's recovery is slower, leading to loose and even excess skin. In some cases, severely obese patients require surgical removal of excess loose skin after exercise-based weight loss. Such surgical scars are often unacceptable to obese adolescents; therefore, it is crucial to minimize skin laxity during the exercise-based weight loss process.

Promoting fatigue recovery after exercise and preventing over-fatigue: Although the intensity of exercise for weight loss is relatively low, the duration of each session is long and the total amount of exercise is large, making exercise-induced fatigue easy to occur afterward. If exercise-induced fatigue is not relieved in time, the accumulation of fatigue can lead to over-fatigue, which not only affects weight loss results but, more seriously, impacts the health of obese individuals-something that should absolutely not be allowed to happen. Exercise-induced fatigue is unavoidable during high-intensity weight loss exercises, especially for obese individuals who lack physical activity in their daily lives, and they are prone to fatigue when they first start exercising for weight loss. In a state of fatigue, patients lose interest in exercise and may even develop a fear of exercise, significantly affecting weight loss results.

Patients with severe obesity may experience loose skin or even excess skin after losing weight through exercise. This is because effective exercise significantly reduces the amount of fat accumulated in the body, resulting in a noticeable decrease in body circumference. However, the skin's recovery rate cannot keep up with the rate of fat reduction, often leading to loose skin and excess skin after weight loss. This loose skin and excess skin is particularly common in areas where fat was previously concentrated, such as the waist, abdomen, inner upper arms, and inner thighs. Studies have confirmed that after aerobic exercise for weight loss, the rate of fat reduction in the waist and abdomen is the most significant, with a rapid decrease in waist circumference. However, the skin in the waist and abdomen recovers more slowly, resulting in loose skin and even excess skin.